The tie rods are essential components that connect the steering rack and the steering knuckle which is directly connected to the vehicle’s steering system. The tie rods are classified into two sections: the inner tie rod and the outer tie rod. The two parts are combined to be called 'tie rods' altogether. They are found on each front wheel and join the steering gear to the steering knuckle every time the driver turns your steering wheel, allowing for the movement of the steering mechanism. Undoubtedly, a vehicle cannot be steered without the tie rods.

 

 

 

Function

Connecting the steering mechanism to the wheels

The tie rod is the main part that controls the steering on the front wheels.  When the driver turns the steering wheel, the rotational motion is transmitted through the steering gear to the inner tie rod end. This motion is then transferred to the outer tie rod end, causing the wheels to change direction accordingly. This way, the front wheels can make turning movements, resulting in the desired wheel movement.

Maintaining proper wheel alignment

The next function of the tie rod assembly is to maintain proper wheel alignment. By adjusting the length of the tie rod using the inner tie rod end, the front wheels can be aligned accurately. Proper alignment ensures even tire wear, reduces steering effort, and enhances overall vehicle stability and handling.

 

Components

Tie rods are two-sectioned, slender cylindrical structures made of high-strength steel. They are made up of an inner tie rod and an outer tie rod end, and they work together to provide the driver the best possible wheel control. 

  • Inner Tie Rod: The inner tie rod end plays a crucial role in the tie rod assembly as it is attached to the steering rack. It serves as the starting point and consists of a threaded shaft that connects to the outer tie rod end. This threaded shaft allows for adjusting the overall length of the tie rod, which is essential for achieving the proper alignment of the front wheels. This adjustment ensures optimal tire wear and provides stable handling for the vehicle.

 

 

Failure of Tie Rods

The two types of tie rods can get into some same problems just like other parts do; by the shock of running over a pothole, leak of lubrication, corrosion on it, damage from other parts connected, etc.

Symptoms of Failure

  • Uneven Tire Wear: One of the early signs of a bad tie rod is abnormal wear patterns on the front tires. Take a close look at both the inner and outer edges of the tires. If the driver notices significant wear on one side while the other side shows minimal wear, it could be a sign that your tie rods are worn. 
  • Steering Instability: If the driver feels your steering wheel loose, the driver may experience difficulty in maintaining precise control of the vehicle. A loose tie rod end can result in an excessive amount of play and lead to shaking or vibrations. This vibration may become more pronounced during acceleration or while driving over uneven surfaces.
  • Pulling to One Side: When the tie rod is damaged or worn, the driver might experience your vehicle pulling to one side while driving. Worn tie rods can disrupt the proper alignment of the front wheels, resulting in an imbalance and causing the vehicle to drift to one side. This symptom may become more noticeable during braking or when driving on a straight road.
  • Knocking Sound When Turning: If the tie rod is worn, the driver may hear knocking sounds from the front of the vehicle when making turns in your vehicle. These sounds typically occur as a result of excessive play in the tie rod ends or a loose connection, causing the components to rattle around and impact against each other.

 

 

Tests

CTR offers a comprehensive range of verification tests for tie rod - torque test, elasticity test, push/pull out test, wear/fatigue durability strength, environment durability strength, salt spray/corrosion test, drop impact test/ impact durability strength.